| develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by listening to and discussing a wide range of poems, stories and non-fiction at a level beyond that at which he/she can read independently | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by listening to, discussing and expressing views about a wide range of contemporary and classic poetry, stories and non-fiction at a level beyond that at which he/she can read independently | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by listening to and discussing a wide range of fiction, poetry, plays and non-fiction | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by listening to and discussing a wide range of fiction, poetry, plays, non-fiction and reference books or textbooks |
| develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by being encouraged to link what is read or heard read to his/her own experiences | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by discussing the sequence of events in books and how items of information are related | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by reading books that are structured in different ways | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by reading for a range of purposes |
| develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by becoming very familiar with key stories, fairy stories and traditional tales, retelling them and considering their particular characteristics | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by becoming increasingly familiar with and retelling a wider range of stories, fairy stories and traditional tales | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by increasing his/her familiarity with a wide range of books, including fairy stories, myths and legends, and retell some of these orally | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by using dictionaries to check the meaning of words that he/she has read |
| develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by learning to appreciate rhymes and poems, and to recite some by heart | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by recognising simple recurring literary language in stories and poetry | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by identifying themes in books | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by reading a wide range of books, including fairy stories, myths and legends, and retell some of these orally |
| develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by discussing word meanings, linking new meanings to those already known | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by discussing and clarifying the meanings of words, linking new meanings to known vocabulary | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by reading aloud poems and perform play scripts | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by discussing words and phrases that capture the reader's interest and imagination |
| understand both the books he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those he/she listens to by drawing on what is already known or on background information and vocabulary provided by the teacher | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by discussing his/her favourite words and phrases | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by discussing words that capture the reader's interest and imagination | maintain positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what he/she reads by recognising some different forms of poetry e.g. free verse, narrative poetry |
| understand both the books he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those he/she listens to by checking that the text makes sense as he/she reads and correcting inaccurate reading | develop pleasure in reading, motivation to read, vocabulary and understanding by continuing to build up a repertoire of poems learnt by heart, appreciating these and reciting some, with appropriate intonation to make the meaning clear | understand what he/she reads by checking that the text makes sense to him/her, discussing his/her understanding of words | understand what he/she reads by checking that the text makes sense to him/her, discussing his/her understanding and explaining the meaning of words in context |
| understand both the books he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those he/she listens to by discussing the significance of the title and events | understand both the books that he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those that he/she listens to by drawing on what he/she already knows or on background information and vocabulary provided by the teacher | understand what he/she reads by asking questions to improve his/her understanding of a text | understand what he/she reads by asking questions to improve his/her understanding of text with increasing complexity |
| understand both the books he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those he/she listens to by making inferences on the basis of what is being said and done | understand both the books that he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those that he/she listens to by checking that the text makes sense to him/her as he/she reads and corrects inaccurate reading | understand what he/she reads by drawing inferences such as inferring characters' feelings, thoughts and motives from their actions, and justifying inferences with evidence | understand what he/she reads by drawing inferences such as inferring characters' feelings, thoughts and motives from their actions, and justifying inferences with evidence clearly taken from the text |
| understand both the books he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those he/she listens to by predicting what might happen on the basis of what has been read so far | understand both the books that he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those that he/she listens to by making inferences on the basis of what is being said and done | understand what he/she reads by predicting what might happen from details stated | understand what he/she reads by predicting what might happen from details stated and implied |
| participate in discussion about what is read to him/her, taking turns and listening to what others say | understand both the books that he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those that he/she listens to by answering and asking questions | understand what he/she reads by identifying main ideas drawn from within one paragraph and summarise these | understand what he/she reads by identifying main ideas drawn from more than one paragraph and summarise these |
| explain clearly his/her understanding of what is read to him/her | understand both the books that he/she can already read accurately and fluently and those that he/she listens to by predicting what might happen on the basis of what has been read so far | understand what he/she reads by identifying how language, structure, and presentation contribute to meaning to include paragraphs, headings, sub-headings, inverted commas to punctuate speech | understand what he/she reads by identifying how language, structure, and presentation contribute to meaning, to include: paragraphs, use of pronouns for cohesion, inverted commas for speech, apostrophes to mark possession, fronted adverbials |
| participate in discussion about books, poems and other works that are read to him/her and those that he/she can read for himself/herself, taking turns and listening to what others say | retrieve and record information from non-fiction | retrieve and record information from non-fiction over a wide range of subjects |
| explain and discuss his/her understanding of books, poems and other material, both those that he/she listens to and those that he/she reads for himself/herself | participate in reasoned discussion about books, poems and other material that are read to him/her and those he/she can read for himself/herself, taking turns and listening to what others say | participate in clear reasoned discussion about books, poems and other material that are read to him/her and those he/she can read for himself/herself, taking turns and listening to what others say |
